Technology and New Methods in Detecting Cataracts

By Brooke Strickland (Writer for FEP International)

Space technology and cataract detection: an uncommon pairing, but one that may be effective in helping detect the development of cataracts at an early stage. According to the National Institutes of Health, a compact fiber-optic probe that was developed for the space program has now been used to create the first non-invasive device for detecting cataracts [1]. Dr. Manuel B. Datiles III, the lead author of the clinical study said, “By the time the eye’s lens appears cloudy from a cataract, it is too late to reverse or medically treat this process. This technology can detect the earliest damage to lens proteins, triggering an early warning for cataract formation and blindness.” It also has the ability to help scientists to evaluate the usefulness of anti-cataract therapies.

Cataracts are the leading cause of vision loss worldwide. It is caused by proteins in the eye clumping together to form a cataract, which ultimately clouds eye lenses, creating interference in daily activities, and in some cases, vision loss. They often develop slowly and cause no pain, but the longer it goes untreated, the more it will grow, causing vision impairment. Virtually anyone is at risk of developing cataracts, because age is the greatest risk factor [2].

Other risk factors include:
- Diabetes
- Family history of cataracts
- Previous eye injury or inflammation
- Previous eye surgery
- Prolonged use of corticosteroids
- Excessive exposure to sunlight
- Exposure to ionizing radiation
- Cigarette smoking

Signs and symptoms of cataracts include:
- Clouded, blurred, or dim vision,
- Sensitivity to light and glare
- Increasing difficulty with night vision
- Halos around light
- Need for brighter light for reading and other activities
- Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescriptions
- Fading or yellowing of colors
- Double vision in one eye

Ways to prevent cataracts:
- Don’t smoke
- Eat a balanced diet, rich in fruits, vegetables
- Protect yourself from the sun
- Follow a treatment plan for any other health problems you may have
- If you have eyeglasses or contacts, make sure they are the most accurate prescriptions possible

Make sure to have your eyes examined on a regular basis by an eye professional, especially if you are experiencing any of the signs and symptoms of cataract development. Your eye doctor can detect and track the development of cataracts through routine eye exams.

References

1. Space Technology Yields New Cataract Detection Technique. National Institutes of Health. http://www.nih.gov/news/research_matters/january2009/01262009cataract.htm Accessed on the web August 21, 2009.

2. Risk factors and symptoms. MayoClinic.
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cataracts/DS00050/DSECTION=risk-factors Accessed on the web August 21, 2009.