Glossary and Index 152
Ophthalmologist: A medical doctor (MD or DO) who has graduated from a four-year medical school, then has completed a one-year internship and a three-year ophthalmology residency.
Optometrist: A doctor of optometry (OD) who has attended undergraduate school and then graduated from a four-year optometry school.
Pegaptanib: The generic name for Macugen®.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT): A treatment for wet AMD in which a light laser treatment is used to activate a dye and destroy the abnormal blood vessels. See Visudyne®; 64.
Photophobia: Light sensitivity to an uncomfortable degree; it usually indicates the presence of an ocular disorder or disease.
PIER: An acronym for A Phase IIIb, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Masked, Sham Injection-Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Ranibizumab. It compares subjects with wet AMD who receive one of two doses of Lucentis® against those who receive sham injections. The Lucentis® is given once a month for three months and then only once every three months.
Pigment changes: Lines or dots of brown or black pigment in the macula which lie on the top of drusen. Pigment changes have been shown to be a risk factor for the progression to severe AMD; 4, 8, 9.
Placebo or placebo effect: The phenomenon that occurs because patients wish to get better. Many patients will perceive that they are improving even when given a treatment that has no effect. That is why a control group is necessary in clinical trials to compare to the group taking the new treatment; 54.
Radiation: A treatment that can use a variety of high energy particles that is usually used for the treatment of cancer. It has no benefit for the treatment of AMD; 82.
Optometrist: A doctor of optometry (OD) who has attended undergraduate school and then graduated from a four-year optometry school.
Pegaptanib: The generic name for Macugen®.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT): A treatment for wet AMD in which a light laser treatment is used to activate a dye and destroy the abnormal blood vessels. See Visudyne®; 64.
Photophobia: Light sensitivity to an uncomfortable degree; it usually indicates the presence of an ocular disorder or disease.
PIER: An acronym for A Phase IIIb, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Masked, Sham Injection-Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Ranibizumab. It compares subjects with wet AMD who receive one of two doses of Lucentis® against those who receive sham injections. The Lucentis® is given once a month for three months and then only once every three months.
Pigment changes: Lines or dots of brown or black pigment in the macula which lie on the top of drusen. Pigment changes have been shown to be a risk factor for the progression to severe AMD; 4, 8, 9.
Placebo or placebo effect: The phenomenon that occurs because patients wish to get better. Many patients will perceive that they are improving even when given a treatment that has no effect. That is why a control group is necessary in clinical trials to compare to the group taking the new treatment; 54.
Radiation: A treatment that can use a variety of high energy particles that is usually used for the treatment of cancer. It has no benefit for the treatment of AMD; 82.
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