Glossary and Index 153
Randomized Controlled Trial: A study which tests a new treatment. Patients with a disease first enter they study and then are randomized (like flipping a coin) to receive the new treatment or a placebo treatment. The outcomes of the patients who receive the new treatment are then compared to the outcomes of the control patients who are receiving the placebo treatment; 62.
Ranibizumab: The generic name for Lucentis® which is an antibody that inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor and has been shown to be effective for treating the wet form of AMD; 70.
Reactive oxygen species: Molecules that form when oxygen reacts with light energy and which are destructive to cell membranes; 21, 38.
Relative distance magnification: Increasing the size of the image on the retina by bringing the object to be viewed closer to the eyes; 94.
Relative size magnification: Increasing the size of the image on the retina by increasing the size of the object to be viewed. Large print is an example of this; 94.
Retaane®: Brand name of anecortave acetate, a modified steroid that acts to prevent the growth of new blood vessels. It has been shown to reduce vision loss in the neovascular form of AMD; 73.
Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE): A layer of cells that lies between the photoreceptors and Bruch’s membrane; 5.
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment (RPED): An elevation of the RPE from Bruch’s membrane seen mainly in AMD; 9.
Retinal specialist: An ophthalmologist who has completed one or two years of a retinal fellowship after an ophthalmology residency.
Rheophoresis: A technique analogous to renal dialysis in which the large proteins and lipids are removed from the serum. Rheophoresis has been touted as a treatment for AMD but there is little evidence that it’s of any benefit; 84.
Scotoma: A blind spot in the vision. In AMD this can be due to atrophy, blood, or damage from neovascularization; 62.
Ranibizumab: The generic name for Lucentis® which is an antibody that inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor and has been shown to be effective for treating the wet form of AMD; 70.
Reactive oxygen species: Molecules that form when oxygen reacts with light energy and which are destructive to cell membranes; 21, 38.
Relative distance magnification: Increasing the size of the image on the retina by bringing the object to be viewed closer to the eyes; 94.
Relative size magnification: Increasing the size of the image on the retina by increasing the size of the object to be viewed. Large print is an example of this; 94.
Retaane®: Brand name of anecortave acetate, a modified steroid that acts to prevent the growth of new blood vessels. It has been shown to reduce vision loss in the neovascular form of AMD; 73.
Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE): A layer of cells that lies between the photoreceptors and Bruch’s membrane; 5.
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment (RPED): An elevation of the RPE from Bruch’s membrane seen mainly in AMD; 9.
Retinal specialist: An ophthalmologist who has completed one or two years of a retinal fellowship after an ophthalmology residency.
Rheophoresis: A technique analogous to renal dialysis in which the large proteins and lipids are removed from the serum. Rheophoresis has been touted as a treatment for AMD but there is little evidence that it’s of any benefit; 84.
Scotoma: A blind spot in the vision. In AMD this can be due to atrophy, blood, or damage from neovascularization; 62.
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